Tests for iodine deficiency
Iodine patch test. This is a quick, rough, simple, inexpensive test. Paint a 5 cm (2 inch) square of iodine tincture (such as Lugol's solution) onto your inner arm or thigh. If the stain disappears or almost disappears:
In less than 5 hours, then you are almost certainly extremely deficient.
In less than 10 hours, then you are probably deficient.
In less than 24 hours, then you may be deficient.
remains or only slightly lightens after 24 hours then your levels are considered normal.
https://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/iodine
Supporting Research
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The W-C Effect, combined with medical stupidity may have caused more human misery and death than both world wars combined by preventing meaningful clinical investigations of optimal levels of iodine on physical and mental health. Today, the optimal requirement of iodine for whole body sufficiency is still unknown. We have attempted to calculate this amount based on a review of the literature and it turns out to be 100 times the RDA.
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Iodine replacement in fibrocystic disease of the breast.
...23 patients received molecular iodine, 0.07 to 0.09 mg/kg body weight...
CONCLUSIONS:
The fibrocystic breast reacts differently to sodium iodide, protein-bound iodide and molecular iodine. Molecular iodine is nonthyrotropic and was the most beneficial.
Wychodzi około 5 mg jodu na dzień, a nie 0,15 mg, jak zaleca RDA
JW
Of interest is the findings of Eskin et al (20) that the thyroid gland preferentially concentrate iodide whereas the mammary gland favors iodine.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7577324 Eskin odkrył, że tarczyca gromadzi jodki, w przeciwieństwie do gruczołu sutkowego, preferującego jod.
https://www.jstage.jst.go...1/40_1_163/_pdf Endocrine Journal 1993, 40 (1), 163-169
The morning urine samples were obtained from apparently healthy 2,956 men and 1,182 women residing in Sapporo, Japan, and urine iodide was measured by an iodide selective electrode.
...the present results may be the first report showing the average urine iodide concentration in spot urine in a large population in Japan, where we have obtained the
95% range of 9.0-70.3 μmol / L , indicating a wide variation in the iodine intake of Japanese, though on average still high as pointed out earlier [14].
Przyjmując, że to średnie stężenie na litr odpowiada w przybliżeniu dobowemu wydalaniu jodu, który ma masę molową 127, przeciętne wydalanie jodu Japończyków obojga płci waha się od 1100 mcg do 9000 mcg, przy srogo ustalonej normie na 150 mcg.
Skoro dorośli Japończycy tyle wydalają, to znaczy, że co najmniej tyle również spożywają codziennie: od 1100 mcg do 9000 mcg, czyli 7 do 60 razy więcej jodu, niż przewiduje norma.
I żyją najdłużej, pewnie dlatego, że nie znają Efektu Wolff-Chaikoffa.
JW
http://www.jbc.org/content/174/2/555.full.pdf+html
PLASMA INORGANIC IODIDE AS A HOMECSTATIC REGULATOR OF THYROID FUNTCION*
BY J. WOLFF AND I. L. CHAIKOFF
Received for publication, February 16, 1948
The enzymatic conversion of iodide to thyroxine and diiodotyrosine is one of the mechanisms enabling the thyroid gland to concentrate iodine. It will be shown in the present study that this mechanism is controlled by the level of plasma inorganic iodine.’ Organic binding of iodine within the gland can be almost complctcly blocked by raising the level of plasma inorganic iodine above a certain critical level, which for the rat amounts to about 20 to 35 y per cent.
The inhibition, however, is not permanent, for as soon as the level of plasma inorganic iodine falls below this critical range, the gland again resumes its function of organic binding of iodine.
These results, therefore, suggest that plasma inorganic iodine acts as a homeostatic regulator in the formation of the thyroid hormone. This regulator probably serves to prevent the formation of escessive amounts of hormone by the gland when the body is suddenly flooded with iodine.
Z tego wynika, że efekt wielokrotnego przekraczania dawki jodu I127 nieorganicznego, niepromieniotwórczego, jest odwracalny, nieszkodliwy i stanowi mechanizm regulacji homeostatycznej, a nie patologii, jak to się dziś przedstawia odkrycie Wolffa-Chaikoffa.
JW
http://www.amjmed.com/art...0245-9/abstract Iodide goiter and the pharmacologic effects of excess iodide
Jan Wolff, M.D., Ph.D July 1969
Abstract
Chronic ingestion of iodide or iodide-generating organic compounds in amounts of ten or more times the daily requirements for hormone biosynthesis leads to iodide goiter in certain subjects. Predisposing factors are uncertain but may involve a damaged thyroid parenchyma; this must, however, be minimal since full recovery of normal thyroid function occurs upon iodide withdrawal in nearly all cases. In certain cases cogoitrogens such as sulfanilamides or antipyrine (phenazone) may contribute.
Jak widać, skwapliwie pijar medyczny rozdął temat i wykorzystał stwierdzenie Wolffa, że u niektórych podatnych osób lub przyjmujących wolotwórcze leki, suplementacja jodem może stymulować rozwój wola tarczycowego. Tak wymyślono efekt Wolffa-Chaikoffa, coś, czego sami badacze nigdy nie zaobserwowali. A wręcz odkryli przeciwny efekt, że suplementacja dużą ilością jodu zmniejsza aktywność tarczycy i chroni przed wolem.
I komu to przeszkadzało?
JW
Wg firmy Coel, producenta płynu Lugola, w 1g płynu jest 10 mg jodu oraz 20 mg jodku potasu, a jedna kropla płynu ma masę 51,6 mg.
Jodek potasu ma masę molową 166, jod-127, potas-39, z tego wynika, że suma jodu w 1g płynu Lugola wynosi 10+15 czyli 25 mg [jod (iodine) oraz jod z jodku potasu (potassium iodide)]
Zatem jedna kropla płynu Lugola zawiera około 1,3 mg jodu.
10 kropli dostarcza 13 mg jodu, czyli ilość zbliżoną do tej, jaką spożywają Japończycy.
Uwaga, jodyna, to roztwór alkoholowy, nie wodny, i zawiera jod w trzykrotnie większym stężeniu, niż płyn Lugola, czyli 3 krople jodyny są porównywalne z 10 kroplami płynu Lugola
JW
Jod w radiografii mózgu
W przypadku neurologicznej radiografii używa się metody znakowania promieniotwórczym jodem I123 lub I131 zawartym w preparacie iobenguane/mIBG.
I131 jest stosowany w chemicznej ablacji tarczycy, więc należy wcześniej podać dużą ilość jodu w jodku potasu.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iobenguane#cite_ref-eanm_4-1
Cytat:
The FDA-approved dosing of potassium iodide for this purpose are as follows: infants less than 1 month old, 16 mg; children 1 month to 3 years, 32 mg; children 3 years to 18 years, 65 mg; adults 130 mg....
Product labeling for diagnostic iodine-131 iobenguane recommends potassium iodide administration one day before injection and continuing 5 to 7 days following.[6] Iodine-131 iobenguane used for therapeutic purposes requires a different pre-medication duration, beginning 24–48 hours prior to iobenguane injection and continuing 10–15 days following injection.
Cytat:
beginning 24–48 hours prior to iobenguane injection and continuing 10–15 days following injection.
oznacza, że dorosłym należy rozpocząć podawanie codziennie po 130 mg jodku potasu na dwie doby przed iniekcją kontrastu i kontynuować do 15 dni po.
Razem badany otrzyma 2,2 g jodku potasu, w którym jest 1,7g jodu, czyli 1700 mg, czyli 1700'000 mcg, ilość przekraczającą zalecaną normę jodu 150mcg 11333 razy.
Słownie jedenaście tysięcy razy ilość jodu przekracza normę podczas prześwietlenia mózgu.To jest jednorazowa podzielona dawka jodu na 31 lat życia.
I komu to przeszkadza? W tym wypadku nikomu.
JW
http://www.fda.gov/downlo...s/UCM080542.pdf Guidance Potassium Iodide as a Thyroid Blocking Agent in Radiation Emergencies
FDA December 2001
...The protective effect of KI (Potassium Iodide) lasts approximately 24 hours. For optimal prophylaxis, KI should therefore be dosed daily, until a risk of significant exposure to radioiodines by either inhalation or ingestion no longer exists. Individuals intolerant of KI at protective doses, and neonates, pregnant and lactating women (in whom repeat administration of KI raises particular safety issues, see below) should be given priority with regard to other protective measures (i.e., sheltering, evacuation, and control of the food supply)
*Adolescents approaching adult size (> 70 kg) should receive the full adult
dose (130 mg KI czyli 100mg jodu)
Ochronne działanie jodku potasu trwa 24 godziny, więc należy go przyjmować codziennie, dopóki nie zniknie ryzyko skażenia. Szkoda, że nie piszą, jak długo można. Półokres rozpadu wynosi 8 dni.
To by się z grubsza zgadzało z poprzednimi informacjami, jod I131 stosowany w ablacji wydala się przez dwa tygodnie. Jak długo wydala się jod I123 radiologiczny, nie wiadomo. Zapewne kilka dni, więc dawka ochronna uzbiera się do 1g jodu. Tak czy siak, to zapas na kilkanaście lat, gdyby poważnie traktować normę RDA.
JW
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